In the paper the author would like to draw the reader’s attention to some of the most interesting ideas in the philosophy of Luigi Pareyson. The 20th century Italian philosopher developed a very original philosophy. His main interest in the late period of his philosophical activity was focused on the problem of evil. The author of The Ontology of Freedom tried to explain the origin of the evil. Moreover, he describes the complex situation of human condition, especially human freedom. It is a matter of fact that in 20th century after the Holocaust, two world wars, the problem of evil became one of the most important for the contemporary philosophers, but only few of them were able to tackle the issue in such a convincing way as Pareyson did.